If a pregnant person suddenly feels intense pain, heavy bleeding, or a rapid change in how they feel, it could be an obstetric emergency. These situations need quick action to keep both mother and baby safe. Below are the most common emergencies, signs to watch for, and simple steps you can take while waiting for help.
Severe Vaginal Bleeding – Any bleeding that soaks a pad in an hour or more, or bright red blood that gushes out, is a red flag. Call emergency services immediately and have the person lie flat with legs raised if possible.
Sudden, Severe Abdominal Pain – Sharp pain that doesn't ease with rest could mean placental abruption (the placenta separates from the uterine wall) or a uterine rupture. Keep the person still, avoid giving food or drink, and call for help right away.
Contractions Every 5 Minutes Before 37 Weeks – Early labor signs before the due date may lead to preterm birth. Note the timing of each contraction and contact a doctor or the nearest hospital.
High Blood Pressure and Headache – A sudden rise in blood pressure with a pounding headache, vision changes, or swelling can signal preeclampsia. Help the person sit down, stay calm, and get medical help fast.
Reduced Fetal Movement – If the baby seems less active, count movements for an hour. Less than ten movements could mean trouble; call a provider right away.
Stay calm. Your calmness helps the pregnant person stay calm, which can lower stress hormones that might worsen the situation.
Gather essential info: due date, known medical conditions, current meds, and any allergies. Share this with the emergency crew.
Never give any medication unless a doctor tells you to. Food and drink can increase the risk of choking if the situation escalates.
If the person is bleeding heavily, apply firm pressure with a clean cloth or gauze to the lower abdomen. Do not try to stop bleeding by inserting anything into the vagina.
For signs of preeclampsia, keep the person seated or lying on their left side to improve blood flow. Loosen tight clothing and make sure they breathe slowly.
When a hospital is on the way, keep the phone line open. The dispatcher can give you additional instructions based on the exact symptoms.
After the emergency is over, encourage a follow‑up visit with the obstetrician. Most complications need a review to avoid future problems.
Remember, obstetric emergencies are rare, but knowing the warning signs and simple steps can make the difference between a quick recovery and a serious outcome. Keep this guide handy, share it with family members, and stay prepared. Your quick response could save two lives.
